Detailed observations of sunspots have been obtained by the Royal Greenwich Observatory since 1874. The Butterfly Diagram: Click on image for larger version. (Centered average 90 day SF at 1 AU: Minimum of …
A higher solar maximum decreases satellite life and a lower solar maximum extends satellite life. Graphic: Temperature vs Solar Activity May 23, 2019 The above graph compares global surface temperature changes (red line) and the Sun's energy received by the Earth (yellow line) in watts (units of energy) per square meter since 1880. These observations include information on the sizes and positions of sunspots as well as their numbers. The values shown include a background component. The thin line indicates the annual reconstructed solar irradiance, while the thick line shows the running 11 average. Correlation of global temperature with solar activity The solar output is very nearly constant, as shown in the plot below. Recent activity. The graph below shows you the number of C, M and X-class solar flares that were produced during past month together with the sunspot number of each day. The connection between solar activity and terrestrial climate is an area of on-going research. This gives you an idea of the solar activity during the past month. This data comes from the NOAA SWPC and is updated daily. Report and Forecast of Solar and Geophysical Activity; Solar Cycle Progression; Space Weather Advisory Outlook; USAF 45-Day Ap and F10.7cm Flux Forecast; Weekly Highlights and 27-Day Forecast; Reports. Solar flux at 20h UT on 2.8 GHz was 70.2 - unchanged 0.0 over the previous solar rotation. See Lean (2000) for discussion of the amplitude of the background component. Solar wind speed at SOHO ranged between 284 and 315 km/sec. The range of variation is about 0.2%, so reproducible that it is often referred to as the "solar constant". Solar irradiance since 1610 as reconstructed by Lean et al (1995) and Lean (2000). Sunspots have been observed since the early 17th century and the sunspot time series is the longest, continuously observed (recorded) time series of any natural phenomena. Forecast Verification ; Geoalert - Alerts, Analysis and Forecast Codes; Geophysical Alert; Solar and Geophysical Event Reports; USAF Magnetometer Analysis Report; Models. The solar cycle is important for determining the lifetime of satellites in low-Earth orbit, as the drag on the satellites correlates with the solar cycle, especially as represented by F10.7cm.
Auroral activity Real-time auroral activity Kp-index Auroral oval Magnetometers Webcams Aurora forecast Moon Phases Calendar Reports Solar activity report Sunspot report Geophysical report NOAA SWPC Alerts, Watches and Warnings The geomagnetic field was very quiet on June 14. The solar cycle or solar magnetic activity cycle is a nearly periodic 11-year change in the Sun's activity measured in terms of variations in the number of observed sunspots on the solar surface.